Weld symbol
Unequal leg fillet weld symbol
Two numbers separated by a multiplication sign to the left of the fillet triangle call for legs of different lengths, and the drawing has to show which leg goes on which member.
Reads as: Arrow side: fillet weld, 1/4 by 1/2 size.
How to read it
Most fillets are dimensioned with one number because both legs are the same. When the design wants a long, shallow weld or a tall, narrow one, two sizes appear to the left of the triangle in the form of one dimension by another. The pair is a description of the triangle's two legs, so a 1/4 by 1/2 fillet has a quarter-inch leg on one member and a half-inch leg on the other.
The notation itself cannot say which leg goes where, because the triangle is always drawn the same way regardless of joint orientation. That information comes from the drawing: a detail view, a dimension on the joint sketch, or a note beside the symbol. Never assume the first number belongs to the vertical member — check the detail, because getting it backwards changes the weld's throat orientation and its behaviour under load.
Unequal legs show up where the two members differ in thickness, where a long leg is wanted to spread load onto a thin plate, or where a taller leg is needed to reach past a radius or a fit-up gap. They also appear in fatigue-sensitive details, since a shallower approach angle at the toe eases the stress concentration where the weld meets the base metal.
Everything else on the symbol reads normally. A length to the right still sets the run, a length-pitch pair still makes it intermittent, and a triangle on each side still means both faces get welded. When both faces carry unequal legs, each side gets its own pair of numbers and each has to be checked against its own detail view.
Where each dimension goes
- First size
- One leg of the fillet triangle, in the units of the drawing.
- Second size
- The other leg. The pair describes the two sides of the triangle, not a range.
- Detail view or note
- Where the orientation lives — which member carries the long leg. The symbol alone cannot say.
- Length and pitch (right of the triangle)
- Run length and centre-to-centre spacing, exactly as on an equal-leg fillet.
Worked examples
Long leg along the base plate
“Weld a fillet with a 5/16 leg on the upright and a 3/4 leg along the plate.”
The two numbers left of the triangle give the two legs. Which member gets the 3/4 comes from the detail view beside the symbol, not from the order of the numbers.
Unequal legs on both faces
“Put a 1/4 by 1/2 fillet on the arrow side and an equal 1/4 fillet opposite.”
The lower triangle carries a pair of sizes and the upper carries a single size, so one face gets an unequal-leg weld and the other a conventional symmetric one.
Common mistakes
- Assuming the first number always belongs to the vertical member without checking the detail view.
- Reading the two sizes as a tolerance range rather than as two legs of the same weld.
- Measuring only one leg during inspection and passing the weld when the other is short.
- Copying the pair onto the opposite face when that face carries its own, different callout.
Typical joints
Related symbols
Practise reading welds, not just symbols
The drawing tells you what the weld should be. The gauge trainer is where you find out whether you can tell what it actually is.